Baijun Chen

Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Programming Challenges in Educational Games: How they shape Children’s Computational Thinking, Learning Drive, and Game Engagement

Educational programming games (EPGs) build computational thinking (CT), a vital 21st-century skill. A core design challenge is how pedagogical and gameplay challenges are integrated to balance educational objectives with player engagement. This study formalizes two contrasting challenge design patterns that reflect di…