Code of Conduct Conversations in Open Source Software Projects on Github

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The rapid growth of open source software necessitates a deeper understanding of moderation and governance methods used within these projects. The code of conduct, a set of rules articulating standard behavior and responsibilities for participation within a community, is becoming an increasingly common policy document in open source software projects for setting project norms of behavior and discourage negative or harassing comments and conversation. This study describes the conversations around adopting and crafting a code of conduct as well as those surrounding community governance. We conduct a qualitative analysis of a random sample of GitHub issues that involve the code of conduct and identify different categories of surrounding conversation. We find that codes of conduct are used both proactively and reactively to govern community behavior in project issues. Oftentimes, the initial addition of a code of conduct does not involve much community participation and input. However, a controversial moderation act is capable of inciting mass community feedback and backlash. Project maintainers balance the tension between disciplining potentially offensive forms of speech and encouraging broad and inclusive participation. These results have implications for the design of inclusive and effective governance practices for open source software communities.