Latest papers from Ronald Schroeter
Passive fatigue during conditional automated driving can compromise driver readiness and safety. This paper presents findings from a test-track study with 40 participants in a real-world automated driving scenario. In this scenario, a Large Language Model (LLM) based conversational agent (CA) was designed to check in…
As automated vehicles (AVs) move toward mainstream adoption, understanding how users learn about and build trust in them is critical. Prior research shows that women hold safety concerns and report low trust and familiarity with AVs. While limited exposure is often cited as a cause, growing evidence indicates that w…
Haptic technology has diverse applications in automated vehicles (AVs), yet research lacks a holistic view of its role in user experiences and its inclusive potential for blind and low-vision (BLV) users. This paper reviews state-of-the-art haptic interfaces in AVs, examining technological foundations, applications, u…
Automated driving systems, particularly at SAE Level 3, present new challenges in managing driver attention to ensure smooth transitions from automated to manual control. This paper reports on a qualitative investigation of vestibular cues—implemented via subtle deceleration events—as a form of a dynamic Human-Machine…
The emergence of automated vehicles (AVs) introduces new challenges to human-vehicle interactions, especially in conditional automated driving. This study presents different head-up display designs as the human-machine interface (HMI) to convey uncertainty to AV users. It investigates the impact of such designs on dri…
In emerging "driver-less" automated vehicles (AVs), the intuitive communication that exists between human drivers and passengers no longer exists, which can lead to reduced trust and acceptance in passengers if they are unclear about what the AV intends to do. This paper contributes the foundational understanding of h…
This paper reports results from a high-fidelity driving simulator study (N=215) about a head-up display (HUD) that conveys a conditional automated vehicle’s dynamic “uncertainty” about the current situation while fallback drivers watch entertaining videos. We compared (between-group) three design interventions: displa…
We introduce a conceptual framework exploring the learning methods for older adults in navigating automated vehicle interfaces. Through semi-structured interviews, we observed distinct approaches to learning, and based on these, offer a novel conceptualization of a ‘mentorable’ interface to enhance technology educatio…
Cycling offers significant health and environmental benefits, but safety remains a critical issue. We need better tools and design processes to develop on-bicycle notification interfaces, for example, for hazard warnings, and to overcome design challenges associated with the cycling context. We present a physical comp…
Automated driving raises new human factors challenges. There is a paradox that allows drivers to perform non-driving related tasks (NDRTs), while benefiting from a driver who regularly attends to the driving task. Systems that aim to better manage a driver's attention, encouraging task switching and interleaving, may…
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